鄧育昀醫生
香港大學李嘉誠醫學院
矯形及創傷外科學系名譽臨床助理教授
研究顯示有八成人在一生中至少會出現一次腰背痛。年輕人腰背痛多數是因為肌肉過勞或不正確的姿勢引致,而老人家腰背痛多數是由於椎間盤或脊椎小關節退化造成,這些都是良性的腰背痛。
良性的腰背痛一般都會隨著動作或姿勢改變而得到紓緩。可是因嚴重疾病(例如骨折、感染或癌症轉移)而導致的腰背痛則通常在靜止的時候依然存在,患者一整天都會感覺痛楚,與動作或姿勢無關。當出現更嚴重的症狀如腰背痛伴隨雙腿冇力、麻痺、失禁、持續發熱、體重驟降或食慾不振,便應盡早尋求醫生協助。醫生會結合病史、臨床檢查、脊椎X光片和磁力共振等影像檢查去找出腰背痛的原因。
治療腰背痛主要以非手術治療為主,包括消炎止痛藥和物理治療等。醫生一般不會建議病人長期臥床,因為缺乏活動會加劇腰背痛問題。當脊椎出現不穩定性或神經線受到壓迫時,醫生會根據病人的病情建議手術方案。手術大致可分為傳統開放式和微創兩種,包括脊椎神經線減壓、以螺絲固定脊椎、脊椎融合手術和椎間盤置換等。
良好的姿勢是預防腰背痛的關鍵。例如提舉重物時要注意姿勢,應屈膝蹲下,避免彎腰。另外應減少維持同一個姿勢的時間,特別是久坐的上班族,建議每30到45分鐘站起來活動一下,做適當的伸展運動。平常要多留意身體狀況,不應忽視身體發出的痛楚訊號,及早求醫才能掌握黃金治療時間。
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© 2025 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.
The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2025 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.