傅俊謙醫生
香港大學李嘉誠醫學院
矯形及創傷外科學系名譽臨床助理教授
髖關節炎最常見的成因是髖關節退化和股骨頭壞死(俗稱「骨枯」)。患者的大腿外側或腹股溝會感到疼痛,髖關節也難以屈曲,影響走路和坐姿,嚴重的甚至連穿鞋、剪腳甲等動作也無法做到。 退化性髖關節炎常見於年長、過重,因創傷或工作而導致關節勞損的人士。而股骨頭壞死則主要和飲酒過量或長期服用類固醇有關。
髖關節置換手術是根治髖關節炎最有效的方法,但傳統手術過程中,醫生需憑藉經驗,以手動儀器磨去受損軟骨,然後以手動工具放入人工關節。傳統手術往往無法確保置入假體位置準確無誤,以致準確度一般只有80%,術後如果患者不小心可導致關節脫位(俗稱「甩骹」)或長遠出現假體鬆動等併發症。
近年,醫學界開發立體三維電腦掃描技術,輔以機械臂進行截骨和放置人工關節,以提升髖關節置換手術的整體效能。病人在手術前會接受電腦掃描,讓骨科醫生掌握患者髖關節的形態和尺寸,猶如度身訂造置入人工關節的角度和深度,然後運用機械臂準確地打磨並置入人工關節。骨科醫生在預定邊界內操作時,機械臂才會活動,一旦移出邊界,機器臂就會自動停止,可減少周邊軟組織受創傷,提升手術安全性,長遠令人工關節更耐用。
港大醫學院矯形及創傷外科學系得到譚兆慈善基金的慷慨捐助,在2019年1月購入Mako機械臂,至今在瑪麗醫院已完成了113例機械臂輔助全髖關節置換手術,效果令人滿意。雖然採用新技術會比傳統手術多花20分鐘,但大多數病人在手術後當日已經可以走路,三、四天後即可出院,顯著減少康復休養的時間。
<刊載於《東方日報》,2021年7月31日>
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The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2024 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.