潘卓庭醫生
香港大學李嘉誠醫學院
矯形及創傷外科學系臨床助理教授
微創手術的應用層面愈來愈廣泛,由於技術較先進、傷口較小、康復期較快,令不少人覺得,它定比傳統手術優勝;然而,對於四肢有骨折的病人來說,答案未必一定。
經驗豐富的醫生會視乎病人的骨折情況作判斷,例如,骨骼一分為二的話,採用傳統手術,效果會是最好的;但是對於粉碎性骨折,即骨骼裂開為三塊以上,微創手術會較適合。而骨折四周的軟組織情況,也需考慮,如已出現腫脹、起水泡等,施行傳統手術,或會增加傷口細菌感染、甚至壞死的風險。因為傳統手術過程中,需要開大切口,把骨肉分離,讓骨折兩端暴露出來,醫生才能對準復位及放入鋼片固定斷骨,這樣對骨折附近的軟組織,創傷性較大。
其實傳統手術也含有微創元素,如骨幹(即骨骼中間較堅實部分)斷裂,醫生會在骨的兩端開一個切口,放入約一厘米寬的髓內釘,連接兩塊斷裂的骨,以達致固定的效果。
隨著微創手術不斷發展,現時醫生會將髓內釘的應用範圍,由骨幹擴大至幹骺端近關節的位置。此外,會改用微創方法放入鋼板,減少對軟組織的傷害。如果是累及關節的骨折,多會採用內窺鏡,以取代開放式肉眼評估,確保關節復位良好。如果再配合三維打印技術,醫生從手術計劃到手術過程,都可處理得比以前更準確細緻。總的來說,微創和傳統手術各有優點,病人可向醫生了解更多有關詳情。
<刊載於《am730》,2019年11月11日>
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The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2024 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.